Whichplatformto choose?The advantages and disadvantageswhen considering allaspects of programming.
But what are thethings to consider? These arethe ease of development, reusabilityof the code,thepossibilititésand limitationsof the platformand consequentlythe quality of theapplication,its fluidity,its appearance. Butwe must also considerthe benefits to thefinished application: compatibility withOS, access to shops,the future evolutionof mobile.
Depending onthese factors, we can determine whereeachapplicationplatform will offerthe best support. If you knowa bitthese technologies,we can guessit a bitalreadythe trend,but itis good to knowexactlywhat wecan expect fromeach.
Description
HTML 5 is the user interface description language. The association with the data is done in JavaScript with a data server, preferably Node.js. This allows it to interface with native APIs that manage the functions of the device. One of the most used is PhoneGap. The design is also facilitated with frameworks such as Sencha and Backbone.EaseCoding in HTML 5 can be very difficult. We
must work with a dynamic language, manage offline mode, operate the
sound if needed and especially test the application on multiple
browsers. For a business type application that can be easier thanks to the many
frameworks that support the association of data with the interface. DurabilityIf it is based on standards, such an API developed by Mozilla for
mobile, the application will be here to stay indefinitely (IT horizon). PotentialThanks to the Canvas tag that provides a drawing surface or animation, all graphical applications are possible. The sound is also available, but very effective. WebGL 3D offers but it is an emerging technology. APIs provide access to materials with a lower reactivity than native applications.
Compatibility The application will run on all operating and type of computer or mobile systems. It will also run on Windows 8 Metro.The same code can be reused on a website, a local application, a mobile application. BroadcastingHTML 5 applications have potential access to the AppStore, as well as mobile Facebook. She had the advantage of hearing on all systems which is reflected by a larger echo in the media. ApplicationsThe application must depend on some specific mobile functions, such as sensors and other sensors. This is the case of games, but so far it is not the best platform for them. The sound is poor now. There are in fact amounts games on Canvas.Practical applications or linked to the Internet or accessing a database are the easiest to realize.
Description
Language and programming tools system dependent. IOS is Cocoa and Objective C language for Android is the Dalvik virtual machine and the Java language. Dalvik It has been ported to other systems, with rather average user experience.EaseThe platform is placed in second position in terms of difficulty. There is generally development interface based on Eclipse with emulators on the desktop. There is an application generator for Android. When programming regularly natively, it seems simpler than HTML, but it's the opposite for a first application. DurabilityNew versions of the OS or different devices will make obsolete application. It will be updated regularly. PotentialSpeed, fluidity, access to native widgets and other system components.CompatibilityRegarding Android, fragmentation is important. An application for Android 4 will not work on 2.3. It will tend to limit the application to find the common denominator. For each OS, you must rewrite the application to carry it on another. BroadcastingAn iOS application can access the Apple AppStore. It is not guaranteed. Once the entry fee paid, the application may be denied. And if accepted, it will pay 30% of revenues to the firm. In return, the application will have a wide exposure and larger sales that mark. ApplicationsYou can access all the possibilities of the device and even to many devices have been invented to complete a mobile. See the article on mobile applications. Natively, all types of applications can be realized.
Description
Combines an IDE based on Eclipse, Titanium Studio, and an SDK in JavaScript that can interface with the native API.EaseTo
the extent that the same code is used for all systems, it is easier to
carry ... According to the editor, one program as swiftly as with
Objective C or Java languages. In fact it is surprising to see that less lines of code for the same result.The posting on the app stores is automatic.
DurabilityThe future of the platform is linked to that of the publisher. If he withdraws trade, there will be updating the system. But the code is open source, and it could always find a buyer.
Potential Added cloud services to applications and notifications with a statistics department for the use of the application.
Compatibility Compatible with all phones, tablets, and desktop computers.
BroadcastingApplications are accepted on the AppStore since a change of policy on the part of Apple. ApplicationsAs
native applications they access the functions of the device, but the
platform being generic and thus not being close to any system, it will
be less suitable. It will support the common denominator of all supported systems. It is therefore suitable for a mobile application but not specifically to a particular brand.
Conclusion
Thereis often confusion betweenweb application andenforcementHTML5. TheJavaScriptsection of this site, however, showsthat we cancarry out localapplicationswithHTML 5Node.js.Apparentlyon mobile, this platformis linked tothe Internet and thereforeimposesthe applicationloading time. This disadvantagedoes not existif you knowmanage theofflinemode.
The otherdisadvantage ofHTML5 is thedifficulty of programming, while Titaniumwhich also usesJavaScriptwould be easierto use thannative development. Thisis thechoice to makeif oneneeds allthe machine'sresourcesand performance. It requiresmore or lessbelonged completelyto an operatingsystem.
Selection of frameworks with similar visual effects look native applications on all mobile devices.
Whether to use HTML 5 for mobile application?
There are drawbacks. Load pages on the Web is slower than on the local system. Though if the application uses a database, it will anyway wait for access to the database on the server. And there the offline mode. But above all it will by included in the AppStore and will lose much visibility.And there are also advantages. We will not have to pay 30% royalties to Apple or to wait for inclusion in the shop. The application will also be available on all systems, which can offset the loss of visibility of the AppStore.If we have a way to make its application, a website for example, can be dispensed from the store. In fact the HTML platform 5 is better suited to certain applications, services and content media including. It less suitable for other like games and all the gadgets that use sensors and other tools included in a smarphone. Currently while less because technological advances will make HTML 5 faster and more complete (see bookstores below).Enyo 2, widgets
Enyo 2
Originally designed for webOS, it is actually portable and placed under the Apache license. An
application built with this SDK can run on the desktop, iOS, Android or
WP or on webOS, which is the closest Linux system desk, waiting Tizen. This may lead to highly portable applications. The sampler can see online widgets Onyx theme. The appearance of the application with visual effects and widgets
containers and components, is close to that of a native Android
application, as can be seen in this image. Enyo generates the HTML code from code that looks like JSON, which is preferred according to the authors. It actually depends on the part that is paid to the interface and functions as the interface is less readable in this form.
Enyo. A good tutorial is available on site. And an emulator is included in the SDK for webOS. On github. Kendo UI Framework
Kendo UI Mobile
Based on jQuery and CSS, so it is a complement to an existing framework, a set of ready-to-use widgets for HTML 5 application. Like all other frameworks that list, it is portable. The
standard version, Kendo UI was not designed for mobile, so it can
create universal applications not using mobile specific features, unlike
Enyo. This why a specialized version was created, which provides widgets identical to native elements of iOS and Android. Kendo uses JSON code to assign data to an HTML element and
initialize it, but unlike Enyo, it generates the HTML code but is added
to it.
Kendo UI Mobile. jQuery UI vs Kendo UI. Comparison of the interface part of the two frameworks which both use jQuery. jqmobi frameworkjqMobi and jQuery Mobile optimized jQuery, jqMobi has the advantage of being based on a book widely used on all systems. Basic components offered are limited, but third-party components are possible.It comes immediately as running on iOS and Android, and a priori on other systems, portability is its advantage. But it concerns only the application interface and does not offer functions for interacting with the hardware. This is where an API such as that proposed Mozilla becomes useful.
jqMobi. While jQuery Mobile is widely used, the code included is much larger than jqMobi. Zepto.js is another very compact library while remaining compatible with the jQuery code. Does not work on IE. Sensha Touch 2 Class-based, it can easily build new widgets according to the MVC (Model View Controller +). For example, ComponentView DataView objects and provide a base from which avoids a lot of programming.It is faster in action than other frameworks for mobile but must be loaded 300 KO JavaScript and CSS code. In addition to the application pages are not indexed by search engines.We still need an API like PhoneGap to use the hardware resources.
Sencha Touch. From the creators of the Ext JS JavaScript framework for the office. Comparison Sencha Touch and jQuery Mobile. (English). libGDX For Java applications thus on Android or mobile with JVM, a gaming framework in 2D or 3D. It is quite simple to use.Can also be used on desktops and all the machinery that supports Java.
Commercial products and software that inspired Apple. Not always the consent of their creators. Apple's lawyers work in one way: they spend their time trying to copy
Apple's products, but never seek if Apple products are copying everyone
else ...Swiss watchThe Swiss watch Apple It was designed by Hans Hilfiker for Swiss railway stations. It is an object whose design is deposited and held by the rail service in this country, the SBB. This design is found in the iPad's clock application without the copyright holder has been consulted. It is a form of Skeuomorph (virtual reproduction of real object) pushed to the extreme. Maybe a little too much and SBB says he contacted Apple to give this issue a legal and financial solution. Finally Apple has agreed to pay 17 million euros to resolve the dispute.German calculator Braun
vs iPhoneLa Calculator Calculator on the left is 44 AND Braun, a former
model but the design is pleasing to Apple, and when Apple likes
something, she takes it. They say that Ive, the principal designer at Apple admire Braun and Apple products are inspired by those of this company. The iPod, for example like the T3 pocket radio Braun. But Apple fans will tell you that they are not copies, that are tributes. It's not the same.The Japanese-inspired smartphone Sony vs iPhone left a prototype designed by a Japanese designer working at Apple and inspired by Sony products. On the right, the iPhone. The initial draft looked like the Apple iPod, also close to that of
Nokia design with less floor space model of Sony, which is why the Sony
model was finally preferred.In
the trial that pitted Apple to Samsung in San Jose, Apple got the Sony
prototype is not mentioned because it was not submitted on time and was
sentenced to Samsung for copying the design of the iPhone.Conclusion Apple often pays tribute to other businesses designers but hate that we pay tribute to its own products. In particular, the App Store is wont to reject an application when a graphic is too similar to its own designs.
Apple invented the so-Touch Screen Cell Phone? The war it launched against copiers is implied. However, this is not so sure! For years, Apple has worked hard to prevent that we have access to documents concerning the creation of the iPhone. The
designer of Sony spent at Apple who created the design was always "on
vacation" and that's after many legal actions as Samsung, opponent in a
lawsuit that Apple brings him, was able to obtain his testimony. We'll see what it reveals further. When you compare smartphones over time, we ask a question. Who copied who? These three devices are similar. When have they been launched on the market?iTunes Phone By
2000, Nokia had already presented its partners and a mobile
experimental tablet with a color touch screen and one physical button. But these ideas have not materialized into commercial products. 2004
Scott Forstall brings together a team to work on a secret project. It was to create a mobile that Apple employees would like to use. August 2005
According
to Apple, the company has developed a prototype called Purple that
foreshadowed the current iPhone, and therefore existed before the model
created under the concept of Sony. The Sony model would be an embellishment of this concept. Before retain, Apple would certainly be lots of possible designs in the pipeline, we even saw orthogonal form ... September 2005
Steve Jobs during a presentation unveils iTunes Phone. Manufactured by Motorola as the ROKR, it incorporates technology developed by Apple to play music. It is not very different from the Blackberry 8100 series. February 2006
The trial in San Jose reveals that Apple was working on a
prototype called P2 looked like the iPod before following the model
designed by Sony. Before
the design of the iPhone's design, Steve Jobs and Jonathan Ive had a
meeting with a Sony designer who described their concept of a mobile
touch without buttons. Following this, Shin Nishibori, a designer, was commissioned to design a prototype for Apple named Extrudo. This is the one you see below right. So Richard Howarth, designer of Apple, advises the new design
"Sony" Jonathan Ive (email product during the trial), rather than the P2
left.
However, Apple says that the Sony model is derived from a concept it has itself drawn in 2005, named Purple. This does not explain the conference in September 2005. And this
does not alter the fact that it has chosen to retain the Sony design
(not the Purple). Apple P2 vs Sony in 2006
P2 prototype opposite the Sony prototype. Rounded corners ... April 20, 2006
Apple files patent D 618 677 describes a rectangular device with rounded corners and D 583087, black with a glass face. However the latter patent is questionable because the design is
similar to that of a Sharp device already patented in Japan (JPN No.
1,241,638). September 2006
LG Prada presents a design competition, the IF Design Award and won the contest. December 12, 2006
LG KE850 Prada presents to the press. This is the subject of an article from Engadget published on 15 December 2006. It was a device has touch screen which was announced on 12 December 2006 and whose images have appeared on 15 December 2006. December 2006
Samsung filed a patent describing the F700. January 9, 2007
The first iPhone was introduced by Steve Jobs, then Apple's CEO, at the Moscone Center in San Francisco, California. The device was sold June 29, 2007. February 8, 2007
The Samsung F700 is presented, according to Samsung's website. It has a touch screen. June 29, 2007 IPhone Start Marketing. Contrary to suggest a campaign on the Web, the F700 did not precede the iPhone, but it is the case of Prada.However,
Apple has not had time to copy the Prada or Samsung of copying the
iPhone, all of these devices have been invented at that time. But the particular design of the iPhone is not unique to Apple, it comes from Sony. We also know something about the gestation of the iPhone. He did not precede the iPad as the tablet was designed before the iPhone (but sold after). The iPhone is actually a miniature tablet, so it is so different from other mobiles. We also understand why the same ideas were developed in the competitors: they were in the air for a long time.
What has been the evolution of the two companies, leaders in their market, face an entirely new product?
With the emergence of this product, the reaction has not been quite the same. RIM, maker of the Blackberry range popular in business, we had fun dealing with this toy for children. At Nokia we are a little crestfallen because the company itself had designed similar prototypes and did not want to exploit them. But the iPhone is an expensive product while Nokia provides cheap devices to the masses, it was not more worried in the Finnish company in the Canadian business.
The fact is that sales in both cases have continued to progress after the appearance of the iPhone in June 2007, until 2010. Since 2010 it is a different story. What is not included in the managements of the two companies is that user habits would change, he would find a substitute in smartphones to computers for some common applications, messaging, above all, and therefore that these devices would replace traditional mobile, whether in business or in everyday use.
Evolution of Nokia and Blackberry from iPhone
These figures relate to the US, but reflect the global status
Nokia with Windows Phone is different
Until 2007, the Symbian system used by Nokia (and redeemed to a third company, it is important to emphasize), represented more than 60% of global market share. Note that the chart above concerns the USA. Nokia continued to have growth in the field of smartphones, like the Blackberry, but less than Apple. Only with the growing success of Android and Samsung in 2010, Nokia's fall has begun. In response, the firm estimated its home system, MeeGo, Linux-based Qt, was not yet ripe and prefer to upgrade to Windows Phone. Another solution would be to adopt Android and so dispose from the outset of a quantity of applications, but the company wanted to differentiate. It is also possible that the new CEO, Stephen Elop came from Microsoft, has a skewed vision.
This has not been a great success since the market share and the share price had been falling until the redemption of the Microsoft announced in 2013. And the return of Stephen Elop from Microsoft!
Blackberry differs with QNX
Blackberry placed all his hopes on the Z10, a smartphone based on the QNX system renowned Blackberry OS. This has been a resounding failure and a loss of $ 900 million of unsold stocks.
Like Nokia, RIM, also famous Blackberry - the name does not really happy - would be different with its own OS. So she bought QNX in 2010, an interesting system in its distributed design, but not designed for smartphones. The conversion of the system and Java-based software on this system is more difficult and time than expected. Products, namely the Playbook and the Z10 is not aboutis. The tablet has no voicemail although it is the first service offered by the old Blackberry smartphones.
It is clear that in trying to differentiate themselves, the manufacturer has accumulated handicaps - very few applications, a system not to the point - without adding anything more to attract consumers.
To show how leaders are out of touch with consumers, the founder and CEO (until 2012) Mike Lazardis, thought to rebound, the company had to cease production of wide-screen smartphones, arguing that the company knew doing so best was moving to physical keyboard!
The principle of differentiation in question
Facing the same problem, do not have a smartphone OS for touch, the two companies have reacted the same way. She refused to adopt Android, an OS ready to use and free to not be seen as another mobile maker touchscreen using Android, and preferred to use a particular OS to differentiate.
This principle applies as the OS "different" is superior to the common OS, but as this is not really the case, it is even worse in the case of QNX as less suited to the function, I do not understand not too the principle of differentiation. Do you want to be different just to hide the fact that we are not better products than others?
Because users when with them, do not ask this difference. The proof is that Samsung, which copies without restraint Apple products is currently the market leader.
I think users want rather something he know the iOS or Android system, and especially the applications running on these systems, rather than a new system x, y or z unfamiliar.
Paid manufacturer to offer more features. Nokia has shown us that she was able to bring the material these functions and more, for example with wireless charging and premium video.
Epilogue
We know what happened to the two companies. Blackberry increased from 47% to 2% of market share. His last hope, based on QNX Blackberry 10 is a total failure. The company withdrew from the consumer market and offered for sale.
As for Nokia, which in seen in Windows Phone and an alliance with Microsoft, a way to bounce back after a descent into hell like it got rid of its mobile business from Microsoft.
But this is not the iPhone that killed the two companies, as shown in the graph. Rather all mobile touchscreen, so Samsung, Sony and all the others, rather than Apple. One might think that if the two companies had adopted Android and that they were differentiated from its services to companies, the other is not its hardware, they could maintain a significant market share, but we will know never with certainty. A requiem has already sung for these two losers.
Many services and Web applications are also available as an app for a smartphone model to take advantage of the touch screen.
There are also games that turn it into portable console. They may be similar to 3D games on computers there 10 years. In 2000, we often had a resolution of 800x600 pixels on a 15-inch CRT, which corresponds to the resolution of smartphones.
And there are quantities of application that could run on computer, but that is not used because it must start immediately and anywhere.
Here are some examples of the amazing capabilities of today's smartphones ...
The iPhone has innovated with the voice interface that allows Siri to ask questions such as the address of a restaurant verbally and also get a voice response. A similar function is provided on the Samsung Galaxy S3.
Data transfer between computer and smartphone
Galaxy S3 allows a device to transfer a file to another by putting them side by side.
This camera has face recognition. It can give a name to someone on a photo.
Simply place the unit against the ear to it automatically dials a number.
WiFi Direct is linking multiple devices without operator.
Third-party software add augmented reality: the information is displayed on the places taken by the camera.
The classic features such as cameras, voice recorder, note taking, HD videos are they became common.
The Samsung Galaxy Note has a stylus and a pattern recognition software.
The Galaxy Beam him a pico projector to project pictures to see in the group.
The Fire Phone Amazon is able to recognize an object, music, text. This is used by the store to present the corresponding commercial products ...
With a touch screen computer and any smartphone, and of course the right software, it is possible to transfer text and images from one device to another by a movement of the fingers, as shown in the video to the right.
And examples of applications taking full advantage of these capabilities ...
Localized search
By taking advantage of GPS, looking for a restaurant or any service can direct you on what is nearby.
Tourism in augmented reality
Always with GPS and also using integrated webcam and of course the compass, you can view information superimposed places to which you point a smartphone.
It thus serves as a tour guide. View Augmented Reality.
One can also combine augmented reality and the search engine and reveal superimposed the image taken by the camera, a message showing them what you are looking for.
Remote control
Some ISPs offer an API that turns a mobile touch easiest to use remote than the one supplied with the box of the operator.
You have the option chain, order a recording and performing actions impossible with the standard remote control.
Butler
In other words, the control center for home appliances, including lamps. Android @ home is an application for Android that automatically manages your home. Lighting control as needed, for example. Applications will depend on developers.
Smart alarm clock
By placing the mobile on the bed when sleeping, it thanks to the accelerometer can detect your location and deduce what stage of sleep you are. He did not wake you if you are in deep sleep, but wait until you are released in to sound the alarm.
Plane Finder AR
Allows pointing his mobile to heaven to see the position, speed and weight of the nearest plane.
In addition, it displays the flight number, departure airport and the destination.
To do this the application uses the ADS-B system that team now airplanes and transmits a signal containing the data.
Translator posters
In a foreign country, point the camera on a poster, a restaurant menu written in an unknown language, and it will be translated into the language of your choice.
Rate distance
The application Accoustic Ruler is capable of determining the distance between a point and the machine (up to 25 meters), using the speaker to emit a sound, microphone to receive the echo, and calculating the time between. It uses room temperature as an adjustable parameter ...
Botany
A free application gives us the name of a tree from a photo of a leaf with a visual recognition software. It was developed by Columbia University, Maryland and the Smithsonian Institute.
The database is still local enough for now. See Leafsnap.
Robot and mobile
Control a robot
Use a mobile to control a robot, it is the specialty Cellbots. This site provides a variety of software for controlling hardware that give a "body" and moving the extended capabilities. In fact the mobile can now be part of the robot, it becomes his brain and control center. The photo at right shows an example of a tank robot able to interact with the environment through the webcam and mobile processing capabilities. If this mobile runs on Android, it's natural that it can control a colleague. In this case the Brother must be a LEGO Mindstorms NXT, a small entertainment robot to assemble and program.
Cellbots.
Examples photos.
Download Mindroid. Open source software to control a robot.
Transformed into pinball
It is an accessory and software. For $ 40, you have a miniature pinball interfaced with the program and using the smartphone screen to represent the track of the ball, with bumpers flashing.
Fly a drone
As shown in this video, with wi-fi connection and a mobile phone, it is possible to remotely control a flying machine, in this case a helicopter, receive a picture with a camera and in combination with augmented reality, driving in a semi-artificial universe.
This demonstration is carried out by the French company Parrot.
A microscope at 10 euros
This invention has won three awards, including the National Science Foundation, for a total of 510,000 dollars.
By connecting this mini-microscope that costs almost nothing to a mobile phone, it is possible to have a mobile laboratory replacing a very expensive equipment!
The device placed on a drop of blood can send the image to a remote laboratory that will analyze in real time.
This microscope has no lens, the magnification is obtained by light-emitting diodes that pass through the sample while the image is captured by the camera of the mobile. In fact we get a hologram that can reconstruct an image by computer processing can be automated, remote site returns a diagnosis after comparison with its database.
It can be used by anyone without special training.
See the website of UCLA and Lab on a chip.
Heart Rate
The company offers Runware interface software with a sensor, usually adapted to a hip belt, to display more comfortable heart rate. It comes with an accessory to retrieve the belt signal.
In addition to visibility, the mobile establishes statistics and make intelligent processing by combining heart rate to geographic data and on the ground.
Medical aid
With a sensor connected to the mobile it is possible for example, to test their blood sugar levels.
An application available in 2011.
Techniques and tools to make an Android application on the desktop or directly on the mobile.
Android was a startup specializing in creating software for mobile and had 8 employees in 2005. Their first idea was to turn to Samsung for funding, but the meeting did not go well. The team of the startup went to Seoul to demonstrate Android, which was a different system by running applications before a panel of engineers and officers of the Korean company who have been unconvinced. When the team left the room, the assembly to burst out laughing!
A few weeks later, Android was acquired by Google for $ 50 million. And one more laughs at Samsung, which now represents 80% of mobile sales equipped with this system.
Google has federated a quantity of mobile players around her initiative in a entity called Open Handset Alliance whose logo is displayed on the right. It includes Telfonica operators like Telecom Italia, phone manufacturers including LG, Motorola, Samsung, founders of components: Intel, Nvidia, Texas Instruments and players in the Net as eBay.
An open platform
Android, besides the operating system is a user interface and a platform with basic applications created by Google. Being open, it will allow independent programmers to create software for mobile.
The main advantage over existing systems such as Windows Mobile, and access to equipment will be complete when he was so far limited. An SDK is already available for developers.
Applications provided by Google include Gmail, Google Mobile (search engine), Calendar, Docs, YouTube, Maps ...
RenderScript is a 3D rendering API using the graphics processor and Android 3.0 available for the tablets.
However it is expected in the near future to merge Android 2 and 3, so we should be able to also use a day smartphones.
This interface which is part of the SDK is programmed in a language similar to the C compiled into intermediate code.
Dalvik is the virtual machine that interprets the object code from compiling a Java source (or other language).
To cope with the drawbacks possibly result from the lawsuit filed by Oracle against Google on Dalvik, the virtual machine for Android, which has the disadvantage of not having been produced by them, Fosdem foundation launched the draft version Android based entirely on code under GNU license GNUDroid. The project described in a conference applelée IcedRobot appears to have resulted and remained frozen.
In fact, there is a fully open source release of Android AOSP offered by Google and used by all. It was used by Nokia for its smartphones X and X + in 2014.
See diagram showing how Android is built and the system description from the perspective of its programming.
Programming tools for Android
The new version of the SDK for Android 3.0 still contains an emulator to test applications on a virtual mobile. It is applicable to both smartphones as tablets and supports larger screens. To do this, the user interface has been completely redesigned.
New components are added to the library. The applications have been rewritten for a more intuitive use.
The URL support M3U lists expected to watch TV on a tablet with a software like VLC.
Terminal IDE. Command line and Java development tools and C for Android. This will work directly on the mobile. Git is included in the IDE.
App Inventor. Abandoned by Google but maintained by MIT, who is the creator, this tool can automatically generate an application.
HELP. Another IDE to develop directly on the mobile. Compatible with Eclipse.
Eclipse. IDE now supports Android.
ARM Tools. Extension to Eclipse for programming in native code.
The SDK. Development kit. See also NDK. To program in C ++ and produce native code.
Other tools
BlueStacks. A plugin to run Android applications on Windows or iOS. This can help test their applications to replace the slow emulator, or develop more universal applications.
Mono for Android. Programming in C # with Dalvik as a backend.
On {x}. Strangely proposed by Microsoft, allows you to program a remote Android mobile with JavaScript code. In addition we connect with your Facebook account! The computer has no boundaries!
Cryanogenmod. Offers an Android fork with additional functions.
Documents
Android and Nexus One. Android vs iPhone.
Open Handset Alliance. Android committee.
First demonstration video.
Which target Android version? Usage statistics.
WebOS is often considered the best OS for smartphone.
Palm society that created it was taken over by HP and it is expected that webOS has a great future because HP said that the OS is the primary reason for the purchase, she wanted also the also use on netbooks and tablets, and from 2012 as an alternative system to install on each computer (she sells 60 million per year).
webOS mobile operating system
But August 19, 2011, HP announced the end of the use of its webOS smartphones and tablets. Then on 9 December 2011, the system becomes open source, thus raising its interest, but to justify the developments, several manufacturers must commit to using it.
However, August 31, 2012, the first version of open source beta is available for download. A list of compatible devices is given on the website, if you want to provide mobile that one already has a more modern system. Developers can also use this list to acquire a useful device used to webOS applications tests.
In December 2012 the own hardware interface is replaced by Codova Apache, allowing webOS run on any mobile and applications.
On February 25, 2013 it was announced that LG would acquire webOS, its fields and related patents. LG will be using it on TV, making the course less attractive to developers, its future seems uncertain on mobile where it should leave room for Tizen and Firefox OS or even Open webOS.
Development
A development environment is included, which allows OpenEmbedded cross-compilation and thus the creation of a mobile application for various processors, while a development tool performs them on a desktop computer. This includes an emulator.
WebOS includes node.js and therefore the production of fully portable application, running on the desktop even when they do not use the mobile sensors. But if one has a computer touch screen, it facilitates the testing of an application.
Node.js allows for completely different design applications with HTML interface 5 and interacting with a server and therefore multiple sources, which facilitates the mashup. The Node modules can be written in native language and are usually worn on every major OS, which brings webOS speed of Objective C language of iOS applications and the same as the Java portability of Android.
Qt is also included in the platform.
All those who have already tried the OS say amazed by the fluidity of the interface compared to other mobile, including iOS and Android. In fact, recruiting engineers who have worked on webOS, Google was able to recover a lot of ideas that contribute to the quality of the OS and that is now found in Android 4.
One might say, another OS again. But besides the fact that Tizen replaces two, we also see the decline of Symbian, WebOS, lack of interest in QNX, which reduces the number almost four.
Tizen Kane, it is terrific!
The creation of Tizen Intel has deep reasons: the loss of a partner, which Nokia turned to Microsoft, and interest new partners disappointed with Android but do not want a system designed for Nokia and Qt its platform.
History
The system Moblin was created by Intel in 2007.
Maemo is also a system for smartphones based on Debian, launched by Nokia in 2005. In 2009 he goes to the Qt environment. Nokia mobile Many have used this system.
In February 2010, Intel and Nokia join forces and create Meego, which is the merger of Moblin and Maemo. GTK is abandoned in favor of Qt.
One smartphone will use this system, the Nokia N9.
After the break the de facto partnership with Nokia, which turned to Windows Phone, Intel found a new strong partner for mobile manufacturers Samsung.
Embarrassed by the trial Apple pseudo-Android patents, encouraged by his government, the firm needs a new operating system. With many other manufacturers it supports the Tizen system.
Many things happened behind the scenes, as Tizen also has the support of the Linux Foundation will host the project and merge it with its own system, LiMo.
Tizen vs. Meego
What has changed between Tizen MeeGo and justifies a new name (in addition to the merger with LiMo)?
Tizen used as primary interface HTML 5, and it does not act as a language tag, but also an amount of API produced by Intel, Mozilla and many other publishers to exploit the potential of all materials existing.
These APIs avoid the programmer to use different native libraries for each type of material as was the case with Meego. Programming is simplified.
But if one goes to HTML 5, what will he Qt?
One reason for the creation of Tizen, Intel (as for manufacturers), was to release Qt, a tool to Nokia, which was the basis of the Meego interface. However, it will still work on Tizen even if it is not included by default. In the worst case it could turn to a third party editor.
In fact it would be essential that the Linux applications run, possibly with a re-compilation, so that the system provides an alternative to Windows 8.
That said, the privileged framework will WAC, a tool developed by Intel applications to interface with all hardware.
On a more technical level, Tizen Meego to resume on file system, Linux and hardware tools and other intermediate drivers.
But Meego applications will not be supported, mainly because Qt is not integrated with Tizen. However, third parties working on the implementation of Qt on Tizen.
Tizen 1.0
The first stable version provides the following functions:
WebRTC. Communication protocol with the browser to various media.
Window-based interface graphics framework Enlightenment (EFL) Linux, lighter than GTK (Maemo) or Qt (Meego).
Cairo 2D graphics library.
HTML 5 supports the full specification to date.
Tizen mobile API used by HTML 5 applications.
Extended location features.
Wi-Fi Direct allows mobile phones to connect to each other without an access point.
We can test this first version that does not unattractive, on the local machine with the emulator included with the SDK download developer.tizen.org or simply with the browser. Development tools are also already available in the SDK.
Tizen vs. Windows 8
Tizen is a competitor to Android and iOS, but it goes further. Tizen to be universal and will work on:
Smartphone.
Tablet.
Netbook.
Vehicles.
Televisions.
We see that it will be as a competitor to Windows 8 on tablets and at least netbook. But why should the manufacturer choose Tizen rather than Windows?
Contrary to what is going on desktop software like Office, Photoshop, etc ..., Microsoft with the Metro interface has the advantage of mandatory compatibility. There is no need to use Windows for applications since we start from scratch with this new platform. Developers can both wear them on Tizen instead of Windows without additional effort.
If the information that has leaked is proven, Microsoft should receive a percentage, of the applications running on Metro which will all be uploaded to the App Store.
And the percentage by which one talks is 30%. Publishers hesitate to give 30% of their revenue to Microsoft.
He can spend it for Metro which is spent for IBM with MCA who was to succeed ISA (long before PCI): Partners can all turn to a free system that offers the same benefits.
Tizen vs. Android
Android is based on Linux and open-source sytem, in some versions at least. Beyond the backend, it is essentially a Java machine. Native applications are written in this language and run on Dalvik the virtual machine.
Android faces claims for breach of "patents" very questionable in practice but recognized by the US government, from Oracle for Java, Apple and Microsoft.
Also manufacturers are concerned that Google now owns Motorola, favors its own smartphones. It will compete with the company that provides them with their operating system.
The fee they do not pay Google for its use, they pay to Microsoft.
So many reasons that may push them to Tizen.
The system Bada Samsung (Bada means "ocean" in Koreen) is based choice on Linux or RTOS (with BSD code), but Samsung has announced that he was working to merge with Tizen instead. This means that applications made for Bada, ave its SDK, also work in Tizen. The SDK itself will be replaced by or merged with Tizen software. Bada SDK has interesting capabilities such as integrating Webkit in a native application ...
Now it happens that Bada has already some hearing in the global market: it represents 2% of the smartphone OS used ... We could consider that it is the market share of Tizen whether users can upgrade their mobile with this system ... The new OS will operate the native Bada applications and add them a broad set of HTML 5 applications.
In June 2012, Samsung became a member of the board of directors of the Linux Foundation. For this the company has to pay $ 500 000 per year. She joined IBM, Intel, Oracle, Fujitsu, NEC, and others. Google is a member only "Gold". The interest of this news is that it confirms Samsung's involvement in Tizen, Linux-based, and also that Android. She may have other Linux-based projects, but its involvement in Tizen is clear.
Mobile phones, smartphones, tablets and all mobile computers. A new area for webmasters and programmers and a key in the coming years.
How to build a website for mobile? According to the announcement by Google on the issue, there is no difference between a site made for desktop, mobile or both.
It is not necessary to have a particular extension (as .mobi) or to place the pages in a specific sub-domain.
It is entirely possible to make a mobile site accessible with just a dedicated stylesheet. We just provide a display on screens of different sizes which is facilitated by a fluid layout, like the theme or Cryonics Encyclopedia for Wordpress (usable on a static site).
However if you want to install a specific sitemap to Googlebot-Mobile, it must contain only the pages that appear on mobile.
Where discussion of the will to differentiate desired by the two firms, to what it earned in terms of competitiveness, and the validity of the principle itself, especially in the field of computing.
Of classical programming Web programming and programming of mobile.
Languages, algorithms and web technologies with the best free development tools.
Algorithms
Coloring algorithm, the bridge
The interest of the algorithms is gaining in importance optimize resources is increasingly important on new platforms and applications are becoming more varied, see the amazing graphics algorithms, for example.
The algorithms source codes are available in Scriptol, PHP, C ++, JavaScript, Java.
Defining the word algorithm.
Classification.
History.
List of algorithms.
List of graphics algorithms to transform images
Show the astonishing progress made in the field of graphic design to avoid working days by automatically performing the transformations.
Binary search.
Enhance photos and videos.
Mogo and UCT algorithm.
Languages
Go programming language
List of programming languages
All languages with an interpreter or compiler, and historical languages in alphabetical order.
List dates from 1946 to today.
Comparison of popular and new languages
What language to choose, depending on your project?
History and evolution of languages
Adopted to design a programming language, innovations in recent languages.
List of programming languages attributes
All features they may have and date of the first implementation in a language.
The programming paradigms
Different way of programming and therefore to design languages.
5 amazing but totally ignored languages
Although they incorporate impressive features, they were not interested programmers. Before creating a language, one must consider that experience.
Quotes about programming languages.
What the authors and programmers think of languages.
Programming languages of open source
Their popularity based on the number of new projects.
Examples of instructions or simple algorithms in all languages ...
Hello World program in 200 programming languages
The simplest program in all languages.
Sieve of Eratosthenes
The algorithm written in major programming languages.
Fibonacci
The algorithm in all popular programming languages.
Technologies
Web applications and mobile become the main axis of IT development today, as these areas tend to merge.
Shall develop the technologies for these platforms: frameworks, development tools, interfaces systems ...
Sheets for the main of them with a description and links to tools or essentials.
Programming Evolution
The language scripts in HTML has become a universal programming language. It is interesting to follow the evolution of programmer tools in time ...
RSS is an easy way to webmster promote a website while it allows the user to be informed of new items from different sites. The two major formats are RSS 2.0 (Really Simple Syndication) and Atom 1.0.
You can display a feed on a page of your site with just a PHP function that is provided on this site or atom size 2.0 ..
Ara RSS publisher
Editor and File Generator automated RSS to generate and edit online the flow of your site.
RSS Reader in PHP
A PHP function to display a RSS 2.0 thread in a Web page. Consideration of multiple channels.
Several demonstrations.
PHP API RSS
PHP class to generate RSS 2.0 feed.
Promoting a web site with RSS
How this file on your website or blog can help considerably to make him known.
15 applications RSS
Besides promoting a site, RSS is used for many things, sometimes very original.
What syndication format to choose?
RSS 2.0, RDF and Atom 1.0, which is better?
Tags RSS and Atom formats
Comparative table of size-specific tags.
Atom reader
PHP function to display an Atom feed. Demos and download.
How to make a universal feed reader
Compatible with the three 2.0 formats, 1.0 and Atom.
Universal player
An application.
RSS and SQL
Create a stream from a database. The example uses a SQL database.
Load a remote file with cURL
Use the Internet file transfer library to load an RSS feed on another site.
The choice of statistical operations of mobile phone systems in the world in February 2012.
